A pentatonic scale consists of 5 different named notes, which is where we get the "Penta' from. Here is an example using Aminor, the notes a a scale starting with A are (ABCDEFG) but for a pentatonic scale you would play the 1st-3rd-4th-5th-7th notes (ACDEG)
Here is an Aminor Pentatonic scale tabbed out :
e---------------------------------------5--8-----
B--------------------------------5--8------------
G------------------------5--7--------------------
D-----------------5--7---------------------------
A----------5--7----------------------------------
E--5--8------------------------------------------

To play a Major Pentatonic scale you play the same pattern only 3 frets lower. So for AMajor pentatonic scale you would start at tha 2nd fret.
e---------------------------------------2--5---
B-------------------------------2--5-----------
G------------------------2--4------------------
D-----------------2--4-------------------------
A---------2--4---------------------------------
E--2--5----------------------------------------

There are 5 basic patterns for minor pentatonic scales
here they are tabbed out:In Aminor

e-------------------------------------5--8-----
B------------------------------5--8------------
G-----------------------5--7-------------------
D----------------5--7--------------------------
A---------5--7---------------------------------
E--5--8----------------------------------------

e--------------------------------5--7------
B--------------------------5--7------------
G--------------------4--6------------------
D--------------4--7------------------------
A--------4--7------------------------------
E--5--7------------------------------------

e-------------------------------------5--7-----
B------------------------------5--8------------
G-----------------------4--7-------------------
D-----------------5--7-------------------------
A----------5--7--------------------------------
E--5--7----------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------5--8-----
B-------------------------------6--8------------
G------------------------5--7-------------------
D-----------------5--7--------------------------
A----------5--8---------------------------------
E--5--8-----------------------------------------

e-------------------------------------5--7-----
B------------------------------5--7------------
G-----------------------4--7-------------------
D----------------4--7--------------------------
A----------5--7--------------------------------
E--5--7----------------------------------------

Hirajoshi Pentatonic Scale (1-2-3-5-6-from Natural minor)

e------------------------------------5--7------
B-----------------------------5--6-------------
G----------------------4--5--------------------
D----------------3--7--------------------------
A---------3--7---------------------------------
E--5--7----------------------------------------

e------------------------------------------5--6---
B--------------------------------------8----------
G--------------------------5--7--8----------------
D----------------5--7--8--------------------------
A---------5--6------------------------------------
E--5--6-------------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------5--6------
B---------------------------3--5--6--------------
G--------------------2--3------------------------
D-------------2--3-------------------------------
A---------5--------------------------------------
E--5--6------------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------5--6-------
B------------------------------5--6---------------
G---------------------------7---------------------
D--------------------7--8-------------------------
A---------5--7--8---------------------------------
E--5--6-------------------------------------------

e-------------------------------------5--------
B------------------------------5--6------------
G-------------------2--4--5--------------------
D------------2--3------------------------------
A-----2--3-------------------------------------
E--5-------------------------------------------

Blues Form 1

e-----------------------------------------5--8---------------
B----------------------------------5--8----------------------
G------------------------5--7--8-----------------------------
D------------------5--7--------------------------------------
A--------5--6--7---------------------------------------------
E--5--8------------------------------------------------------

e-----------------------------------------5--7--8----
B----------------------------------5--7--------------
G------------------------4--5--6---------------------
D------------------4--7------------------------------
A------------4--7------------------------------------
E--5--7--8-------------------------------------------

e-----------------------------------------------5--6--7---
B---------------------------------------5--8--------------
G-------------------------------4--7----------------------
D--------------------5--7--8------------------------------
A-------------5--7----------------------------------------
E--5--6--7------------------------------------------------

e-------------------------------------------5--8----
B--------------------------------6--8--9------------
G-------------------------5--7----------------------
D--------------5--6--7------------------------------
A--------5--8---------------------------------------
E--5--8---------------------------------------------

e------------------------------------------5--7-----
B-------------------------------5--6--7-------------
G------------------------4--7-----------------------
D--------------3--4--7------------------------------
A--------5--7---------------------------------------
E--5--7---------------------------------------------

Blues form 2

e------------------------------------------5--8-----
B----------------------------------5--8-------------
G------------------------5--6--7--------------------
D------------------5--7-----------------------------
A--------4--5--7------------------------------------
E--5--8---------------------------------------------

e---------------------------------------------5--6--
B-------------------------------------5--7----------
G--------------------------3--4--6------------------
D------------------4--7-----------------------------
A------------4--7-----------------------------------
E--5--6--7------------------------------------------

e-------------------------------------------------6-
B------------------------------------6--9--10-------
G-----------------------------5--8------------------
D------------------6--7--8--------------------------
A------------6--8-----------------------------------
E--5--6--8------------------------------------------

e-------------------------------------------5--8----
B--------------------------------6--7--8------------
G-------------------------5--7----------------------
D---------------4--5--7-----------------------------
A---------5--8--------------------------------------
E--5--8---------------------------------------------

e------------------------------------------5--7-----
B-------------------------------4--5--7-------------
G-------------------------4--7----------------------
D-------------------4--7----------------------------
A---------5--6--7-----------------------------------
E--5--7---------------------------------------------

Natural minor scales

e--------------------------------------------------5--7--8---------
B---------------------------------------5--6--8--------------------
G--------------------------------5--7------------------------------
D----------------------5--7--9-------------------------------------
A------------5--7--8-----------------------------------------------
E--5--7--8---------------------------------------------------------

e---------------------------------------------------5--6--8----------
B--------------------------------------------6--8--------------------
G---------------------------------5--7--8----------------------------
D-----------------------5--7--8--------------------------------------
A------------5--6--8-------------------------------------------------
E--5--6--8-----------------------------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------------------5--7--8------------
B----------------------------------------5--7--8----------------------
G-----------------------------4--5--7---------------------------------
D-------------------4--5--7-------------------------------------------
A------------5--7-----------------------------------------------------
E--5--7--8------------------------------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------------------5--6--8----------
B---------------------------------------5--6--8---------------------
G--------------------------------5--7-------------------------------
D----------------------5--7--8--------------------------------------
A------------5--7--8------------------------------------------------
E--5--6--8----------------------------------------------------------

e---------------------------------------------------5--7----------
B----------------------------------------5--7--8------------------
G-----------------------------4--6--7-----------------------------
D--------------------4--5--7--------------------------------------
A---------4--5--7-------------------------------------------------
E--5--7-----------------------------------------------------------

Harmonic minor sacales

e--------------------------------------------------5--7--8----------
B---------------------------------------5--6--9---------------------
G--------------------------------5--7-------------------------------
D----------------------6--7--9--------------------------------------
A------------5--7--8------------------------------------------------
E--5--7--8----------------------------------------------------------

e-----------------------------------------------------5--6--8-----
B---------------------------------------------7--8----------------
G----------------------------------5--7--8------------------------
D-----------------------5--7--8-----------------------------------
A-------------5--6--9---------------------------------------------
E--5--6--8--------------------------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------------------5--7--8--------
B---------------------------------------5--7--8-------------------
G-----------------------------4--5--8-----------------------------
D-------------------4--5--7---------------------------------------
A-------------6--7------------------------------------------------
E--5--7--8--------------------------------------------------------

e--------------------------------------------------5--6--9--------
B---------------------------------------5--6--8-------------------
G--------------------------------6--7-----------------------------
D----------------------5--7--8------------------------------------
A------------5--7--8----------------------------------------------
E--5--6--9--------------------------------------------------------

e---------------------------------------------------5--6----------
B---------------------------------------4--6--7-------------------
G-----------------------------3--5--6-----------------------------
D-------------------3--4--7---------------------------------------
A---------3--4--6-------------------------------------------------
E--5--6-----------------------------------------------------------